JOSHJournal of Spatial Hydrology     ISSN: 1530-4736

An official publication of American Spatial Hydrology Union (ASHU)

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     Vol. 7, No. 2 Fall 2007
     Vol. 7, No. 1 Spring 2007

     Vol. 6, No. 2 Fall 2006
     Vol. 6, No. 1 Spring 2006

     Vol. 5, No. 2 Fall 2005

     Vol. 5, No. 1 Spring 2005

    
Vol. 4, No. 2 Fall 2004
     Vol. 4, No. 1 Spring 2004


    
Vol. 3, No. 2 Fall 2003
    
Vol. 3, No. 1 Spring 2003

   
 Vol. 2, No. 2 Fall 2002
    
Vol. 2, No. 1 Spring 2002

     Vol. 1, No. 1 Fall 2001

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A SPATIAL TECHNIQUE FOR ESTIMATING STREAMBANK EROSION BASED ON WATERSHED CHARACTERISTICS 
*Barry M. Evans, Scott A Sheeder, and David W. Lehning, Penn State Institutes of the Environment, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA  16802  

Abstract:  A GIS-based technique was developed for estimating streambank erosion rates for more accurately predicting total sediment loads at the watershed scale without the use of detailed field data.  This technique relies on the use of data sets that are easily obtained and expressed as GIS data layers.  The basis of this technique are statistical relationships between “lateral erosion rates” and watershed characteristics such as curve number, grazing animal density, topographic slope, soil erodibility, and degree of urban development.  An algorithm for estimating streambank erosion was incorporated into a GIS-based watershed model.  Simulated and observed sediment loads were compared for twenty-eight watersheds in Pennsylvania, and a relatively good model fit was obtained based on a number of statistical measures.

 Keywords:  GIS, watershed modeling, streambank erosion, sediment transport

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Comparisons of local infiltration-excess, overland flow and associated erosion behaviour with river behaviour at the catchment scale
Elias Dimitriou, National Centre for Marine Research / Institute of Inland Waters, Greece, 32 Thrakis st., Agia Paraskevi, 15341, Greece.

Abstract:Modeling overland flow and erosional behaviour is a very important scientific task today to prevent environmental impacts from human activities as well as physical disasters such as floods and desertification. In the particular project the impacts from selective logging that occurred in Malaysia has been attempted to identify and quantify by comparing hydrological parameters both in local and catchment scale. Measurements of rainfall, overland flow and suspended sediment flux have been recorded for a year with a resolution of five minutes. A Databased Mechanistic (DBM) modeling approach has been applied to the data to facilitate physical interpretation of the results, which provided credible conclusions. The significant alteration of the area’s hydrologic regime, due to human interventions, has become apparent. The great non-linearity of the rainfall-suspended sediment flux system reduced the efficiency of the models and did not allow reliable forecasting to be made. Nevertheless, useful conclusions has been drawn from the comparison of hydrologic parameters in different scales and should be emphasized that DBM models described very well the physical processes and provided satisfactory results. 

 Keywords: Hydrologic modeling, overland flow, erosion, catchment scale

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